Surah Al-Anfal (الأنفال)

The Spoils of War · Medinan · 75 ayahs · Juz 9, 10

• 8:1

  يَسْـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلْأَنفَالِ ۖ قُلِ ٱلْأَنفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَٱلرَّسُولِ ۖ فَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا۟ ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ ۖ وَأَطِيعُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

  They ask you (O Muhammad) about the spoils of war (about who will receive what portion of the spoils after the Battle of Badr). Say, "The spoils of war are for Allaah and His Rasool (for them to distribute it justly among the soldiers). So fear Allaah (deal justly), correct your mutual relations and obey Allaah and His Rasool (the Shari'ah) if you are (true) Mu'mineen."

• 8:2

  إِنَّمَا ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ٱلَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ ٱللَّهُ وَجِلَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَإِذَا تُلِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَـٰتُهُۥ زَادَتْهُمْ إِيمَـٰنًا وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ

  The Mu'mineen are those whose hearts tremble (vibrate) when Allaah is mentioned, whose (strength of) Imaan increases when His Aayaat are recited to them and (as a result, they are those) who trust only in their Rabb (and listen to obey).

• 8:3

  ٱلَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَـٰهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ

  They (the Mu'mineen) are those who establish salaah (perform it with all its etiquette) and who spend (for His pleasure) from what We have provided for them.

• 8:4

  أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ حَقًّا ۚ لَّهُمْ دَرَجَـٰتٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ وَمَغْفِرَةٌ وَرِزْقٌ كَرِيمٌ

  These are the true Mu'mineen (about whose Imaan there can be no doubt). For them shall be elevated ranks by their Rabb (in Jannah), forgiveness and bountiful sustenance (provisions of honour).

• 8:5

  كَمَآ أَخْرَجَكَ رَبُّكَ مِنۢ بَيْتِكَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِّنَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَكَـٰرِهُونَ

  (Although the distribution of the spoils of war may not appeal to every person, it is in the best interest of all concerned. There are many such situations that are in the best interest of all, yet they do not appear so to everyone. One such situation was the Battle of Badr, which proved the strength of the Muslims and struck fear into the hearts of the Kuffaar, although many Muslims were initially opposed to the decision to fight. Referring to this, Allaah says that the distribution of the spoils of war is) Just as your Rabb took you (O Muhammad) from your home (Madinah) with the truth (with good cause to fight the battle) while there was certainly a group of the Mu'mineen who were unhappy (to fight the Kuffaar because they were not prepared for battle). (The Muslims under the leadership of Rasulullaah initially left Madinah to capture a trade caravan of the Quraysh heading for Makkah. However, when the caravan heard about the plan of the Muslims, they notified the people of Makkah, who prepared an army to defend the caravan. In the meantime, the caravan changed route and managed to escape unharmed. When the Makkan army was informed that the caravan no longer needed defence, they resolved to fight the Muslims and marched to face the Muslims at a place called Badr.)

• 8:6

  يُجَـٰدِلُونَكَ فِى ٱلْحَقِّ بَعْدَ مَا تَبَيَّنَ كَأَنَّمَا يُسَاقُونَ إِلَى ٱلْمَوْتِ وَهُمْ يَنظُرُونَ

  They (some Sahaabah رضى الله تعالى عنهم) differed with you (O Rasulullaah) regarding the truth (the necessity to fight) after it was made clear to them (that they had to face the enemy in battle), as if they were being driven towards death while they looked on (as if they were looking at their deaths approaching). (The few Sahaabah رضى الله تعالى عنهم who felt that the Muslims should not engage in battle did not argue adamantly in favour of their opinion, but merely voiced their concern that they were unprepared for battle because they had left Madinah only with the intention of capturing a trade caravan. However, because of their high position of being companions of Rasulullaah, they were expected to have a high degree of trust in Allaah. It is for this reason that Allaah chides them somewhat in the above verses.)

• 8:7

  وَإِذْ يَعِدُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ إِحْدَى ٱلطَّآئِفَتَيْنِ أَنَّهَا لَكُمْ وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّ غَيْرَ ذَاتِ ٱلشَّوْكَةِ تَكُونُ لَكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُحِقَّ ٱلْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَـٰتِهِۦ وَيَقْطَعَ دَابِرَ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ

  (Remember the time) When Allaah promised you (Muslims) that one of the two groups (either the caravan or the Mushrikeen army) will certainly be yours and you wished that the one without strength (the caravan) be yours (rather than fighting a heavily armed army). (On the contrary,) Allaah desired that the truth (of Islaam) be established (be recognised) as the truth (so that the Kuffaar would know that the Muslims are a force to be reckoned with) by His decree (as He had predestined) and that the roots of the Kaafiroon be cut.

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