The point of articulation (makhraj) of the letter dad

Question

How should the letter “ض” be pronounced in the prayer? Some people, not knowing its true point of articulation (makhraj), sometimes read it as “ظ”, sometimes as “ز”, sometimes as “ذ”, sometimes as “د”. What is the true makhraj of this letter? Will the prayer be discharged when reading in this way?

Answer

“ض” is an independent letter. Its makhraj is the edge of the tongue (hafat al-lisan) and the upper molars (adras). Its characteristics (sifat) are distinct: voiced (majhura), elongated (mustatila), soft (rikhwa). Pronouncing it is harder than all the other letters, and it requires a great deal of practice.

Source: Fatawa Mahmudiyya

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