Joining a repeated prayer

Question

If a doubt arises in the congregation and because of this doubt [the prayer] is repeated, may worshippers who did not take part in the first congregation and are only now arriving join this prayer or not? Please write in detail in which case joining is permissible.

Answer

If the repetition was due to omitting a fard, then it is valid for a new person to join it, because the first prayer became void (batil). But if the repetition was due to omitting a wajib, a new person’s joining is not valid, because the fard has already been performed by the first prayer and this is merely its completion: [ar]الْمُعَادَةُ لِتَرْكِ وَاجِبٍ نَفْلٌ جَابِرٌ،…

Source: Fatawa Mahmudiyya

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