In this Hijri month, Rabi’ al-Awwal (رَبِيع الأَوَّل), the book “Siratul Mustafa” records 16 events from the life of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions. Dates follow the text of the book; where scholars differ on a date (ikhtilaf), the description gives the main view and the others.
The Prophet ﷺ set out with two hundred horsemen to avenge the martyrs of ar-Raji (Asim ibn Thabit and Khubayb ibn Adi ﵃); Banu Lihyan fled to the mountains, and there was no battle.
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The birth of the Prophet ﷺ in Mecca, on a Monday, at dawn, in the house of Abu Talib. Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal (the main date on the site). Other opinions: the 8th of Rabi' al-Awwal, the view of the author of "Siratul Mustafa", who considers it preponderant (rajih); in the main text of the book the 12th is called mashhur (widely held); Rabi' al-Akhir is a weak opinion (footnote); Safar is a weak opinion (footnote); Rajab is a weak opinion (footnote); Ramadan is a weak opinion (footnote). The 12th is the view of the majority of scholars (the footnote notes that Ibn al-Jawzi reports ijma, consensus).
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The Prophet ﷺ arrived at Quba on a Monday. Ibn Ishaq gives the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal of the 13th year of prophethood; the scholars of the sira (Ibn Hazm, al-Mughultay) give the 1st of Rabi' al-Awwal. Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal (predominant among the sources named in the book). Other opinions: the 1st of Rabi' al-Awwal: the scholars of the sira; the choice of Ibn Hazm and al-Mughultay; another passage of the book also gives the 1st of Rabi' al-Awwal; Rabi' al-Awwal: another opinion mentioned in the book. The 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal (Monday): Ibn Ishaq and the verses of al-Iraqi; the 1st of Rabi' al-Awwal: the choice of Ibn Hazm and al-Mughultay.
On Monday, around midday, the Messenger ﷺ passed to the eternal abode in the room of Aisha ﵂, with the words "Allahumma fir-rafiqil-a'la". All agree that it was a Monday of the month of Rabi' al-Awwal; the day of the month is disputed. Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal, 11 AH (as in the main text of the book: the opinion the author regards as more correct or calls "mashhur" (widely held)). Other opinions: the 1st of Rabi' al-Awwal — Musa ibn Uqba, Layth ibn Sa'd, al-Khwarizmi (according to the text; the figure "حکم" = "یکم", a probable form of the spelling); the 2nd of Rabi' al-Awwal — "دوم" — others (the name is damaged in the text); as-Suhayli in "ar-Rawd al-Unuf" and Ibn Hajar in his commentary on al-Bukhari deemed this view more correct (according to the text); the 13th of Rabi' al-Awwal — some of the scholars, because of the difficulty of calculating from the Day of Arafah; the 14th of Rabi' al-Awwal — some of the scholars; the 15th of Rabi' al-Awwal — some of the scholars.
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On Monday evening, the day of the passing of the Messenger ﷺ, after the gathering of the Ansar at the Saqifa of Banu Sa'ida, Abu Bakr ﵁ was proclaimed caliph (the private pledge — bay'a khassa); the general pledge in the mosque took place the next day, on Tuesday.
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After the victory at Badr, Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf, a Jew, mourned the slain Quraysh, incited war and slandered Muslim women in verse; by order of the Prophet ﷺ, Muhammad ibn Maslama ﵁ and his companions killed him.
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In Rabi' al-Awwal word came that the people of Dumat al-Jandal intended to attack Medina; the Messenger ﷺ set out with a thousand Companions on the 25th of Rabi' al-Awwal. The enemy scattered, there was no fighting, and the return to Medina was on the 20th of Rabi' al-Akhir.
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The Prophet ﷺ was occupied with building the mosque from the month of Rabi' al-Awwal to the month of Safar.
Abd ar-Rahman ibn Uyayna al-Fazari raided the pasture of the Messenger of Allah's ﷺ she-camels; Salama ibn al-Akwa ﵁ caught up with the raiders, and then the Prophet ﷺ himself set out as well. The author cites a disagreement about the time. Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: Rabi' al-Awwal (as in the main text of the book: the view the author considers more correct or calls "mashhur (widely held)"). Other views: al-Bukhari: three days before Khaybar; all agree that it was before al-Hudaybiyya (according to the text).
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Forty men under Ukasha ibn Mihsan ﵁ were sent to Ghamr; the enemy fled, and then 200 camels were seized at a nearby camping place.
The Prophet ﷺ set out for Buwat with two hundred Companions against a Quraysh caravan; the caravan had already gone, and they returned to Medina without fighting. Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: Rabi' al-Awwal 2 AH (as in the main text of the book: the view the author considers more correct or calls mashhur (widely held)). Other opinions: Rabi' al-Akhir 2 AH: Rabi' al-Akhir is the second opinion in the same sentence.
After the death of Ruqayya ﵂, Umm Kulthum ﵂, the daughter of the Prophet ﷺ, became the wife of Uthman ﵁ in the month of Rabi' al-Awwal, 3 AH; they lived together for six years and had no children.
After Amr ibn Umayya killed two men of Banu Amir, with whom there was a treaty, the Messenger ﷺ went to Banu Nadir to seek their help in paying the diya (blood money); learning through revelation of their plot, he returned, besieged them for fifteen days and expelled them from Medina. Surat al-Hashr was revealed on this occasion.
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In Rabi' al-Awwal the Messenger ﷺ sent ad-Dahhak to call Banu Kilab to Islam; they refused, were defeated, and the spoils were brought to Madinah.
In Rabi' al-Awwal, 9 AH, a delegation of Bali accepted Islam; an account of hospitality (three days).
Construction under Uthman ﵁ began in Rabi' al-Awwal 29 AH and was completed in Muharram 30 AH (about ten months). Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: Rabi' al-Awwal 29 AH (as in the main text of the book: the view the author considers more correct or calls mashhur (widely held)). Other opinions: Muharram 30 AH: completion of the construction was in Muharram 30 AH.
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Hijri calendar with events by day
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