How many obligatory acts (farḍ) are there in wuḍū’, and what are they?

Question

What obligatory parts does ablution (wuḍū’) consist of?

Answer

The pillars of ablution (wuḍū’) are four, and they are its obligatory acts (farḍ): The first is washing the entire face: lengthwise — from the beginning of the forehead to the bottom of the chin, and widthwise — between the earlobes. The second is washing the hands including the elbows. The third is wiping one quarter of the head.

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