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Note
Events of Sha’ban (شَعْبَان) in the life of the Prophet ﷺ
In this Hijri month, Sha’ban (شَعْبَان), the book “Siratul Mustafa” records 12 events from the life of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions. Dates follow the text of the book; where scholars differ on a date (ikhtilaf), the description gives the main view and the others.
Events by day
2 Sha’ban 5 AH — Expedition of al-Muraysi' (Banu al-Mustaliq)
On learning that al-Harith ibn Abi Dirar was gathering an army, the Messenger ﷺ set out on Monday, the 2nd of Sha'ban; the Muslims attacked Banu al-Mustaliq by surprise and won the victory. Among the captives was Juwayriya, who later became a wife of the Messenger ﷺ; on the way there occurred a dispute between a Muhajir and an Ansari and the words of Abdullah ibn Ubayy. Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: 2 Sha'ban 5 AH (as in the main text of the book: the view the author considers more correct or calls "mashhur (widely held)"). Other views: 6 AH — Ibn Ishaq: 6 AH; 4 AH — "بعض کہتے ہیں" ("some say"): 4 AH; Sha'ban 5 AH — Qatada, Urwa ibn az-Zubayr, az-Zuhri: Sha'ban 5 AH; Musa ibn Uqba, Ibn Sa'd, al-Bayhaqi and al-Hakim also chose this; al-Hafiz al-Asqalani: "this is the correct view" (his evidence being the participation of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh).
15 Sha’ban 2 AH — Change of the Qibla (from Bayt al-Maqdis to the Kaaba)
The verse about turning the face toward the Sacred Mosque was revealed in mid-Sha'ban of 2 AH; before that, prayer had been offered toward Bayt al-Maqdis for 16 or 17 months.
On learning that Banu Sa'd ibn Bakr were assembling at Fadak to help the Jews of Khaybar, the Prophet ﷺ sent Ali ﵁ with a hundred men; the enemy fled, and 500 camels and 2000 sheep were seized.
Hafsa ﵂ died in Madinah in the month of Sha'ban during the rule of Mu'awiya ﵁; Marwan ibn al-Hakam led the funeral prayer. The author notes a disagreement about the date and adopts the mashhur (widely held) opinion. Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: Sha'ban (as in the main text of the book: the opinion the author regards as more correct or calls "mashhur" (widely held)).
A digit in the date is being verified against the book scan.
Sha’ban 2 AH — Obligation of Fasting in Ramadan (2 AH)
In the last ten days of Sha'ban of the same (second) year of the Hijra, fasting in Ramadan was prescribed and the verse "Shahru Ramadan..." was revealed.
Sha’ban 4 AH — Expedition of Badr al-Maw'id (the promised meeting at Badr)
In fulfilment of the agreement with Abu Sufyan after Uhud, the Messenger ﷺ set out for Badr in Sha'ban with one and a half thousand Companions and waited eight days; Abu Sufyan reached Marr az-Zahran and turned back, and there was no fighting.
A digit in the date is being verified against the book scan.
Sha’ban 6 AH — Sariyya of Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awf ﵁ to Dumat al-Jandal
The Prophet ﷺ with his own hands wound a black turban on Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awf ﵁, gave him a banner and sent him with seven hundred men; the chief of Dumat al-Jandal, al-Asbagh, accepted Islam, and Abd ar-Rahman married his daughter Tumadir.
The Messenger ﷺ returned from Tabuk to Madinah; this was the last campaign in which he took part in person. Ikhtilaf (scholarly disagreement) on the date. In the calendar: Sha'ban, 9 AH (the opinions are of equal weight; the earlier one is taken). Other opinions: Ramadan — the beginning of Ramadan.
Sha’ban 9 AH — Death of Umm Kulthum ﵂, daughter of the Prophet ﷺ
Umm Kulthum ﵂ died in the month of Sha'ban, 9 AH; the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led the funeral prayer over her and sat at the edge of the grave with tears in his eyes.
